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Glossary of Terms:
Akaline buffered paper:
Paper containing an alkaline compound (calcium carbonate, for example) at a level sufficent to neutralize acid thatmight, in the future, be generated through the aging of paper or from atmospheric pollution.
Type of binding in which single leaves are secured together solely with an adhesive applied to the textblock spine. Animal glue, polyvinyl acetate glues, and hot melt adhesives are mostly used. Also known as perfect binding. See also, Double-Fan Adhesive binding
Process of shaping a ridge or shoulder on each side of the spine of a text block after rounding it, and prior to lining it. Backing accommodates the thickness of the boards, and provides a hinge along which they swing. Backing also helps to prevent the spine of the textblock from collapsing into a concave shape over time. See Rounding. (LBI Standard Glossary, p.13)
Any form of sewing through the fold by hand to attach signatures to form the textblock.
General term used for pasteboard, millboard, strawboard, etc, all of which are used to form the foundation for book covers. They are made of various pulped or laminated fibrous materials pressed into large flat sheets, which are then cut to size and covered with cloth, leather, paper, or other material to form the book covers. Also called cover boards, or book boards.
Specially prepared cloth material used as a covering material for book covers. A thin woven cloth (like muslin) that has been dyed, filled, impregnated, or coated with some compound, and subjected to heat and pressure. Book cloth falls into three main categories: 1. starch-filled (where the spaces in the cloth-weave are filled with starch, sometimes called sized book cloth), 2. acrylic-, pyrozylin- or vinyl-impregnated, and 3. plastic coated. Book cloth is lighter than buckram and comes in a variety of colors.
A heavy weave cotton cloth filled, impregnated, or coated with different compounds (mainly starch and pyroxylin but also other materials) to enhance body, finish and durability.
The cover of a book that consists of two boards, an inlay, and covering material. In a commercial bindery, the case is usually made separately from the text block and later attached to the text block later in a step called casing-in. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.13)
Process of applying adhesive to the outermost endpapers of a textblock and fitting the text into its case. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.14)
Type of paper coated with white clay or a similar substance to provide a smooth surface for printing detailed illustrations. The finish is often glossy but can be dull.
A type of adhesive binding where the back margin of each leaf in an unglued textblock is exposed to 1/16" or less for an application of adhesive. The margin is exposed on both sides of each leaf by clamping the textblock on a vice-like press and then pushing against the textblock first in one direction, then the other, thereby fanning or separating the edges of the leaves. (LBI Standard, §6.3, p.5)
Also known as square back. A casebound textblock that has not been rounded or backed. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.14)
Leaf or leaves forming that part of the folded endsheet not pasted down to the inside of the cover board. Its function is to protect the first or last leaves of the textblock. See Pastedown.
Edge of a leaf or a board opposite from, and parallel to, its binding edge (i.e. opposite from its spine edge). Fore edge is also used in a more general way to refer to any part of a volume opposite from and parallel to its spine. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.14).
Direction in which the majority of the fibers in a piece of paper or board are aligned and to the direction in which the warp threads run in cloth. Grain direction in all man-made materials used in bookbinding should run parallel to the spine of the volume. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.14).
Channel and combined marginal space formed by the two inner or back margins of facing pages of a volume. Margin along the spine.
Top edge of a leaf, board, or bound volume, opposite from the surface on which the volume rests when it is shelved upright. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.14)
Small, ornamental band, generally of mercerized cotton or silk, which in most modern publisher's trade bindings is glued on the head as well as the tail of the textblock spine of a book. Modern headbands imitate the sewn-on headbands that functioned to protect the head and tail of early bindings. The band at the tail of the book is sometimes called the tailboard.
The part or space of a case binding between the textblock spine and the inside of the cover spine.
Fold of the channel lying between the two halves of an endsheet where the textblock is attached to its cover (case). Also called a front hinge and inner joint.
Single sheet of paper or half of a folded sheet of paper. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.15)
Margin:
The spines of books can be cut away on a milling machine to prepare them for double-fan adhesive binding or oversewing. The machine clamps the textblock, spine down, and moves it over a series of rotating blades that cut away approximately 1/8 inch of the binding margin, thus removing old adhesive, thread, staples, and/or the folds of signatures. After milling, a text block is comprised of loose leaves.
Process of cutting parallel grooves into the spine perpendicular to the binding edge to strengthen adhesive bindings (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.15).
Method of sewing thin sections (i.e., piles) of leaves, one to another in succession, to create a semi-flexible text block. For all oversewn volumes, a minimum binding margin of 5/8 inch (after milling) is desirable. (LBI Standard §6.1, p.3).
An emulsion adhesive; a flexible adhesive that does not cross-link and is considered permanent. Results in a very strong bond.
Process of fitting the textblock with a new case when the original sewing thread of the textblock is unbroken and intact. (LBI Standard, §6.4, p.6)
Tail:
Bottom edge of a leaf, board, or bound volume; that is, the surface on which a volume rests when shelved upright. (LBI Standard, Glossary, p.17)
this list is from the University of Florida's website. http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/preserve/binding/glossary.htm